Method and apparatus for continuously coating or impregnating



0. MINT ON. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOU'SLY COATING 0R IMPREGNATING MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 22.19l9. I

1,322,327. Patented Nov. 18, 1919.

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

0. MINTON. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOUSLY COATING 0R IMPRIEGNATING MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 22. 19!!)- Patented Nov. 18, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

"/gm-fA/Tua I 9775 NEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OGDEN MINTON', 0F SHORT HILLS, NEW JERSEY.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR coN'rrNUoUsLY COATING on. IMPREGNATING MATERIAL.

Application filed July 22, 1919. Serial No. 312,627.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OGDEN MiN'roN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Short Hills, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods and Apparatus for Continuously Coating or Impregnating Material, of which the following is a specification, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to amethod and apparatus for' continuously coating or impregnating material, and to the article so treated.

More particularly my invention relates to a method and apparatus for continuously coating or impregnating sheet material and to the sheets so treated.

My invention further relates to the method and apparatus for manufacturing economically and expeditiously water proof paper, and to paper so treated.

It further relates to the method and apparatus of manfacturing what is commonly called roofing felt, as well as to the felt as an article of manufacture.

My invention further relates to certain.

steps and combinations of steps in the manufacture of these articles, also to certain ele-- ments. and combinations of elements, whereby the methods or processes may be carried out, as well as the certain details of construction all of which will be more fully hereinafter described in the specification and pointed out in the claims.

I have shown in the drawings diagrammatically one form of apparatus which may be used to carry out my method but it is to be distinctly understood that my invention is not to be confined to the particular form of apparatus shown by way of illustration.

In the accompanying drawings the sam reference numerals refer to similar parts in the drawing.

Figure 1 is a vertical diagrammatic section through a form of apparatus which may be used to carry out my improved process;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary diagrammatic vertical section of another form of apparatus which I may use.

In describing my invention I will describe it as applied to treating sheet material, which is preferably, though not necessarily,

Patented Nov. 18, 1919.

paper. This paper is brought in the form of a roll or reel 1 from the paper machine (not shown) usually in a more or less wet condition. It is then fed over the guide roll 2 into the vacuum machine 3, first passing through a sealing medium 4 which has no affinity andno deleterious effect on the ma--- teria'l to be coated or impregnated. In this sealing medium I preferably mount a guide roll 5 under which the strip, sheet or web materlal 6 passes, thence in contact with the guide roller 7, and then preferably, though not necessarily, over a heated dryin cylinder 8, mounted within the vacuum 0 amber 3, thence in contact with the guide roller 9, and out through the sealing medium 10 which is the medium with which the material is to be coated or impregnated. It is to be distinctly understood that my method and apparatus are meant to either impregnate the material treated, or'to coat it only, or to both impregnate and coat it, and that when I use the term coatin or impregnating,'I use these terms as a ove explained. v

The web 6 passes through this sealing medium 10 and around the guide roller 11, thence out between the guide roll 12 and the adjustable squeeze roller 13, which remove any surplus coating or impregnating material, the surplus dropping back into the bath 10. The material 6 is then preferably rolled into the finished roll 14.

The sealing bath 4 may be as previously described of any suitable material which has no afiinity for the article treated, and which does not injure it. I have found in practice that a mercury seal will perform this function. This sealing bath may, in

some cases, be heated by a suitable medium passing through the pipes 1515.

I connect the vacuum chamber 3 with the pipe 16 which runs to a condenser which will maintain a suitable vacuum in the chamber 3. If the article treated is a web of paper th vacuum will be so regulated that the paper will be dried and opened as it passes through this chamber. The vacuum will withdraw a large portion of the air confined oroccluded in the paper which air will pass off, together with the steam vapor given off by the web of-paper, through the pipe 16. This cylinder 8 is plete drying of the web 6 before it passes into the coating or impregnating seal 10.

which will-"insure that the strength of the fibers of the web 6 will not be lessened, nor will they be distorted or warped as would be the case if the web -6 were dried at a high temperature. Assuming, for example, that a vacuum of 28 inches is maintained in the chamber 3, the boiling point of the water in the web 6 would then be about 100 F. This drying cylinder 8 would be supplied with steam at a pressure say of 35.3 lbs. gage pressure, and be at a temperature of about 281 F. This gives a difference of 181 F. which difference, if the paper were dried in atmospheric (pressure,- wiould =only in 281 minus 212 or 69 F. These figures are only given as an example of what my apparatus will do and the amount of drying and the speed with which it can be done.

Atthis low temperature of about 100 F.

the texture and fiber of the paper will not be marred, distorted, warped or in ured in any particular.

Of course while I have mentioned 28 inches of vacuum, and a certain temperature these may be varied without departing from my invention to obtain .difl'erent degrees of impregnation or coating, and can also be varied for different articles treated.

Should the steam and vapor carried off by the pipe 16 carry with it any valuable products which may have been in the paper, or the material treated, these canbe readily recovered in any well known manner.

In some cases the impregnating or coat ing 'bath 10 need not be heated as the paper or web 6, or whatever the material treated may be, will be sufiieiently opened up by the vacuum maintained in the chamber 3, so that it will absorb or take up sufiicient of the bath 10. In other cases, with the same bath or with different baths 10, it may be desirable to heat it in any suitable manner such as by pipes 17-17. The sealing medium '10 may be of any suitable material such as is desired to coat or impregnate the material treated. In some cases this sealing medium 10, for example, may be wax, parafiin, tar, or asphaltum, or any similar material.

My invention also includes the method of treating material continuously, in the manner previously described, but coating it or impregnating it with some material which afterward needs further treatment, example to make it water proof.

I have shown in Fig. 2 a strip of material 18, which is preferably a web of paper which has passed through the sealing and impregnating or coating bath 10, which in this instance, is formed of some material, as

for example sulfur, which has to be heated to render it water proof by giving it a glaze.

The sulfur or other suitable material is *.fur, and is then" wound into the finished roll 21.

If other coating or impregnating material 1s used which requires a chemical change to render it water proof, the web will be given the required treatment after it leaves the rollers 12 and 13 and preferably prior to being rolled into the finished roll 21.

It will be noted that my method is continuous. It can be operated day and night, and from month to month by simply stopping the travel of the web when the roll 1 is nearl exhausted and splicing on a new roll. T is avoids breaking the vacuum in the machine, and the labor of rethreading the machine. All that is necessary is to replenish from time to time the bath 10 and, also occasionally, to add to the bath 4 should that be necessary, it of course being understood that the quantity of the bath 4 will remain for all practical purposes constant, whereas the bath 10 will be continuously dimmished by portions of it being taken up by the sheet or web 6.

. It will be further noted that the vacuum in my vacuum machine does not have to be broken for the insertion of different rolls 1, with the consequent delay and expense of exhausting the vacuum chamber each time that a new roll is inserted, besides the labor ofclamping on doors or covers that may be necessary to close the chamber after the inweb 6 through the machine, and heating, or not, the sealing bath 10 as may be deemed necessary for the particular product being manufactured, and regulating the pressure of the squeeze roll 13. y

I My invention is particularly advantaas for' geous in the manufacture of roofing paper or roofing felt. If such roofing paper or felt is not uniformly coated and impreg- -nated with the water proofing material, as

for example, tar or asphaltum, it will, when exposed to the weather develop defects, permitting passage of water in some places whereas other portions of the same sheet would be water proof. If thefelt were used for roofing it would soon permit leaks to develop. 1

By having my drying cylinder 8 inside the vacuum chamber 3, I accomplish not only the functions previously described but thevacuum chamber 3 practically acts on the principle of a thermos bottle preventing the radiation of heat, which would raise the temperature of the room in which the apparatus is located and render it oppressive for the workmen, besides requiring a greater quantity of steam to maintain the cyligder 8 at the particular temperature desire Having thus described this invention in connection with illustrative embodiments thereof, to the details of which I do not depregnating material without'first exposing deleterious efiect on the sheet material, said' it to the am 2. The process of drying, coating or impregnating material conslsting in continuously passing it through a liquid bath for which it has no afiinity, said bath being a protective seal for maintaining a vacuum, subjecting the material to a partial vacuum, and then immediately and continuously subjecting it to the coating or impregnating material without first exposing it to the air.

3. The process of drying, coating or impregnating material consisting in passing it through a liquid bath for which it has no aifinity, said bath being a protective seal for maintaining a vacuum, subjecting the material to heat and a partial vacuum, and then immediately subjecting it to the coating or impregnating material without first exposing it to the air.

4. The process of drying, coating or impregnating sheet material consisting in pass ing it through a liquid bath which has no bath being a rotective seal for maintaining a vacuum, subjecting the sheet to a partial vacuum to open up the sheet material, and then immediately subjecting the sheet material to the coating or impregnating. ma-

terial without first exposing it to the air.

5. The process of drying, coating or impregnating sheet material conslstlng in passing it through deleterious e ect on the sheet material, said bath being a protective seal for maintainin a vacuum, subjecting the sheet to heat an partial vacuum to open up the sheet material, and draw off substantially all of its moisture and then immediately subjecting the sheet material to the coating or impregnating material without first exposing it to the air.

6. The process of continuously drying, coating or impregnating sheet material conslstlng in passin it continuously through a liquid bath whic has no deleterious effect on the sheet material, said bath being a protective seal for maintaining a vacuum, con-' tinuously subjecting the sheet to a artial vacuum to open up the sheet material, remove substantlally all of its moisture and a liquid bath which has no a large portion of its occluded air, and then immediately and continuously subjecting the sheet material to the coating or impregnating material without first exposing it to the am 7. The process of continuously drying, coating or impregnating paper consisting in assin it continuously through a liquid ath w ich has no deleterious eflect on the paper, said bath being a protective seal for maintaining a vacuum, continuously subjecting the paper to a partial vacuum to open up the paper, remove substantially all of its moisture and a large portion of its occluded airgand then immediately and con- 1 tinuously su jecting the paper to the coating or impregnating material without first exposing it to the air. 7

8. The process of continuously drying, coating or impregnating sheet material'consisting in passing it continuously through a liquid bath which has no deleterious effect on the sheet material, said bath being a protective seal for maintaining a vacuum, continuously subjecting the sheet to heat and' a partial vacuum to open up the sheet material, remove substantially all of. its moisture and a large portion of its occluded air,

and then immediately and continuously subjecting the sheet material to the coating or impregnating material without first exposing it to the air.

9. The process of continuously drying, coating or impregnating roofing paper, known as felt, consisting in passing the uncoated felt continuously through a liquid bath which has no deleterious effect upon it, said bath being a protective seal for maintaining a vacuum, continuously subjecting the felt to a partial vacuum to open up its fibers, remove substantially all of its moisture and a large percentage of its occluded air, and then immediately and continuously subjecting it to the impregnating material without first exposing it to the air.

10. The process of continuously drying, coating or impregnating roofing paper known as felt consisting in passing the uncoated felt continuously through a liquid bath which has no deleterious effect upon it,

said bath being a protective seal for maintaining a vacuum, continuously subjecting the felt to heat and a partial vacuum to open up its fibers, remove substantially all of its moisture and a large percentage of its occluded air, and then immediately and continuously subjecting it to the impregnating material without first exposing it to the air.

11. The process of continuously drying, coating or impregnating roofing paper known as felt consisting in passing the uncoated felt continuously tb rough a liquid bath which has no deleterious effect upon it, said bath being a protective seal for maintaining a vacuum, continuously subjecting the felt to .a partial vacuum to open up its fibers, remove substantially all of its moisture and a large percentage of its occluded air, and then immediately and continuously subjecting it to an impregnating bath of tar or asphaltum without first exposing it to the air.

12. The process of drying, coating or impregnating material consisting in passing it through a liquid bath for which it has no aflinity, subjecting it .to apartial vacuum, then immediately subjecting it to a coating or in'ipregnating material which needs the application of heat to make it water proof, and then subjecting said material to heat to make the impregnating material water proof.

13. The process of drying, coating or impregnating material consisting in passing it through a liquid bath for which it has no aflinity, subjecting it to a partial vacuum,

then immediately subjecting it to a coating or impregnating material which needs the application of heat to make it water proof, and then subjecting said material to heat to give said material a glazed surface. 7

- H. The process of drying, coating or im pregnating sheet material consisting in pass ing it through a liquid bath for which it has no aflinity, subjecting it to a partial vacuum, thenimmediately subjecting it to a coating or impregnating material which needs the application of heat to make it water proof, and then subjecting said material to ,heat to make the impregnating material water proof.

15. The process of drying, coating, or impregnating material consisting in passing it through a liquid bath for which it has no aflinity, subjecting it to a partial vacuum;

then immediately subjecting it to a coating of sulfur, then subjecting the material with its coating of sulfur to heat to glaze it, and render it water proof.

16. An apparatus for drying and coating or impregnating material having a vacuum chamber and two liquid seals through which the material treated passes, one of the liquid seals being formed of a liquid which has no aflinity for the material treated, and the other liquid seal being formed of the coating or impregnating material. y

17. An apparatus for drying and coating or impregnating sheet material having a vacuum chamber and two liquid seals through which the sheet material passes, one of the liquid seals being formed of a liquid which has no affinity for the sheet material. and the other liquid seal being formed of the coating or impregnating material.

OGDEN MINTON.

Witnesses:

ALAN M. JOHNSON, JOHN D. MORGAN. 

